![]() Thus, there is a compelling unmet need to develop new molecular tools that can be used to diagnose early-stage EOC and/or assist in the clinical management of the disease after a diagnosis, given that more than 220,000 women are living with ovarian cancer in the United States and are at risk of recurrence. Current screening methods for ovarian cancer typically use a combination of a pelvic examination, transvaginal ultrasonography, and serum cancer antigen 125 (CA125), but these have made minimal impact on improving mortality. Unfortunately, most cases are not detected until after the cancer has spread, resulting in a dismal 5-year survival rate of less than 30%. When diagnosed early, treatment is more effective, with a 5-year survival rate of up to 90%. Although the 5-year survival rates for most other solid tumors have improved steadily, ovarian cancer remains an exception, making it the deadliest of all gynecologic cancers and five times deadlier than breast cancer. More than two-thirds of all women diagnosed with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) will die from the disease (>14,000 deaths annually), a fact that has not changed considerably in the last three decades.
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